Complexité de l’insertion professionnelle des femmes sasaks dans l’industrie touristique de Lombok, Indonésie : nouvelle économie et identités locales
Author : Belliard, Auréliane
Under the direction of: Karine Bates
Université de Montréal
Texte français
Keywords : Anthropology, Indonesia, Identity, Gender relations, Sasak kinship, Tourism development, Lombok, Indonesia, Sasak workers.
Abstract
In Lombok, a rural Indonesian island, the Sasak community has long practiced a syncretic and tolerant Islam. Since the 20th century, however, the various political shifts that have taken place on the island have had the effect of encouraging a more orthodox Islam and reaffirming traditional Sasak values. Today, this dynamic reinforces the religious identity of the Sasaks and reiterates the role of women as wives and mothers, responsible for the household. At the same time, the rapid development of tourism, encouraged by the Indonesian state, has forced a reconfiguration of women’s work. The latter are more and more numerous to occupy positions in the tourist infrastructure, jobs that are locally associated with modernity, but also with the misbehavior of travelers. By confronting their role in the household and the conventions of their modesty, this new economy places women at the center of a network of shifting identities where local and national ideals clash. How do these women manage to coordinate these seemingly contradictory roles ? How does this impact their daily lives and identities, their gendered roles ? The main objective of this research is to investigate, through an ethnographic fieldwork, the complexity of Sasak women’s relationships with tourism jobs. By focusing on the dynamics of Sasak kinship and gender relations, this research sheds light on both the everyday obstacles and identity issues that Sasak women workers experience when contracting employment in the tourism industry. Ultimately, this dissertation updates the relevance of investigating kinship in the study of social change and highlights the complexity of the identity relations that the populations targeted by international tourism may experience.
