L’impact des accords commerciaux régionaux, des traités bilatéraux sur les flux d’investissement direct à l’étranger au Vietnam 1995-2018
Author : Tran, Mai
Under the direction of : Bernard Beaudreau
Université Laval
Texte français
Keywords: Economy, Vietnam, Investments, Foreign Vietnam.Intra-industry trade.Foreign investments Vietnam.Intra-industry trade.Global value chains.Vietnam Trade agreementsVietnam Foreign economic relations Foreign investments - Vietnam, Intra-industry trade.Global value chains.Vietnam - Trade agreements, Vietnam - Foreign economic relations.
Abstract
Vietnam is considered an attractive investment destination in the world. "Indeed, attracting FDI has been a very successful piece in Vietnam’s economic picture over the past three decades," said Sebastian Eckardt, the World Bank’s senior economist in Vietnam. During the period 1991-2000, the realized FDI capital reached 19.462 billion USD, an average of 1.95 billion USD per year. The period 2001-2010 recorded 58.497 billion USD, three times more than the previous decade and an average of 5.85 billion USD per year. In particular, for the period 2011- 2018, it reached 84 billion USD, 4.55 times more than the period 1991-2000, and an average of 12 billion USD per year, becomes one of the most dynamic economies in Southeast Asia. 2 In recent years, Vietnam has signed a number of trade and investment agreements with countries and territories. Regional trade agreements (RTAs) 3 and bilateral investment treaties (BITs) 4 are adopted by countries to create an enabling environment for FDI. Yet the effects of these agreements on foreign direct investment (FDI) is a controversial topic. While studies by Egger and Pfaffermayr (2004), Salacuse and Sullivan (2005), Neumayer and Spess (2005), Busse et al. (2010) assert a positive effect of trade agreements on FDI flows, those by Hallward-Driemeier (2003), Rose-Ackerman and Tobin (2005), and Verico (2012) show its opposite. As countries increasingly turn to regionalism as a means of advancing cooperation on international trade and trade rules, investment rules are increasingly being incorporated into regional trade agreements (RTAs) and bilateral investment treaties (BITs). In particular, the more RTAs and BITs a country signs, the larger the market for companies located in that country, and therefore the more likely foreign investors would be willing to invest there. More specifically, for these reasons, this research aims to analyze the cumulative effect of RTAs and BITs on foreign direct investment in Vietnam. In all, we will analyze the effect of trade agreements between Vietnam and 91 investor countries between 1995 and 2018.
